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Q1. - (Topic 1) 

Refer to the exhibit 

Which switch provides the spanning-tree designated port role for the network segment that services the printers? 

A. Switch1 

B. Switch2 

C. Switch3 

D. Switch4 

Answer:

Explanation: 

First, the question asks what switch services the printers, so it can be Switch 3 or Switch 4 

which is connected directly to the Printers. 

Designated port is a port that is in the forwarding state. All ports of the root bridge are 

designated ports. 

Switch 3 and Switch 4 has same priority so it will see on lowest MAC address and here 

switch 3 has lowest MAC address. So switch 3 segment will play a Designated port role. 

By comparing the MAC address of Switch 3 and Switch 4 we found that the MAC of Switch 

3 is smaller. Therefore the interface connected to the Printers of Switch 3 will become 

designated interface and the interface of Switch 4 will be blocked. 

Q2. - (Topic 3) 

What are three reasons that an organization with multiple branch offices and roaming users might implement a Cisco VPN solution instead of point-to-point WAN links? (Choose three.) 

A. reduced cost 

B. better throughput 

C. broadband incompatibility 

D. increased security 

E. scalability 

F. reduced latency 

Answer: A,D,E 

Explanation: Cisco VPN solutions provide exceptional security through encryption and authentication technologies that protect data in transit from unauthorized access and attacks. A Cisco VPN helps you: Use highly secure communications, with access rights tailored to individual users Quickly add new sites or users, without significantly expanding your existing infrastructure Improve productivity by extending corporate networks, applications, and collaboration tools Reduce communications costs while increasing flexibility 

Q3. - (Topic 3) 

A network administrator needs to configure a serial link between the main office and a remote location. The router at the remote office is a non-Cisco router. How should the network administrator configure the serial interface of the main office router to make the connection? 

A. Main(config)# interface serial 0/0 Main(config-if)# ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.252 Main(config-if)# no shut 

B. Main(config)# interface serial 0/0 Main(config-if)# ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.252 Main(config-if)# encapsulation ppp Main(config-if)# no shut 

C. Main(config)# interface serial 0/0 Main(config-if)# ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.252 Main(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay Main(config-if)# authentication chap Main(config-if)# no shut 

D. Main(config)# interface serial 0/0 Main(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.252 Main(config-if)#encapsulation ietf Main(config-if)# no shut 

Answer:

Explanation: 

Cisco High-Level Data Link Controller (HDLC) is the Cisco proprietary protocol for sending data over synchronous serial links using HDLC. So HDLC runs only in Cisco router. PPP is not proprietary protocol it's a open source every cisco router and non-cisco router understand the PPP protocol.So we need to configure the PPP protocol if connection is between cisco and non-cisco router. 

Q4. - (Topic 2) 

Refer to the exhibit. 

Assume that all router interfaces are operational and correctly configured. In addition, assume that OSPF has been correctly configured on router R2. How will the default route configured on R1 affect the operation of R2? 

A. Any packet destined for a network that is not directly connected to router R1 will be dropped. 

B. Any packet destined for a network that is not directly connected to router R2 will be dropped immediately. 

C. Any packet destined for a network that is not directly connected to router R2 will be dropped immediately because of the lack of a gateway on R1. 

D. The networks directly connected to router R2 will not be able to communicate with the 172.16.100.0, 172.16.100.128, and 172.16.100.64 subnetworks. 

E. Any packet destined for a network that is not referenced in the routing table of router R2 will be directed to R1. R1 will then send that packet back to R2 and a routing loop will occur. 

Answer:

Explanation: 

First, notice that the more-specific routes will always be favored over less-specific routes regardless of the administrative distance set for a protocol. In this case, because we use OSPF for three networks (172.16.100.0 0.0.0.3, 172.16.100.64 0.0.0.63, 172.16.100.128 0.0.0.31) so the packets destined for these networks will not be affected by the default route. The default route configured on R1 "ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial0/0 will send any packet whose destination network is not referenced in the routing table of router R1 to R2, it doesn't drop anything so answers A, B and C are not correct. D is not correct too because these routes are declared in R1 and the question says that "OSPF has been correctly configured on router R2, so network directly connected to router R2 can communicate with those three subnetworks. As said above, the default route configured on R1 will send any packet destined for a network that is not referenced in its routing table to 

R2; R2 in turn sends it to R1 because it is the only way and a routing loop will occur. 

Q5. - (Topic 1) 

Which protocol provides a method of sharing VLAN configuration information between two Cisco switches? 

A. STP 

B. VTP 

C. 802.1Q 

D. RSTP 

Answer:

Explanation: 

Understanding VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk389/tk689/technologies_tech_note09186a0080094c52. shtml 

Introduction VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) reduces administration in a switched network. When you configure a new VLAN on one VTP server, the VLAN is distributed through all switches in the domain. This reduces the need to configure the same VLAN everywhere. VTP is a Cisco-proprietary protocol that is available on most of the Cisco Catalyst series products. 

Q6. - (Topic 3) 

Users have been complaining that their Frame Relay connection to the corporate site is very slow. The network administrator suspects that the link is overloaded. Based on the partial output of the Router # show frame relay pvc command shown in the graphic, which output value indicates to the local router that traffic sent to the corporate site is experiencing congestion? 

A. DLCI=100 

B. last time PVC status changed 00:25:40 

C. in BECN packets 192 

D. in FECN packets 147 

E. in DF packets 0 

Answer:

Explanation: 

First we should grasp the concept of BECN & FECN through an example: 

Suppose Router A wants to send data to Router B through a Frame Relay network. If the network is congested, Switch 1 (a DCE device) will set the FECN bit value of that frame to 1, indicating that frame experienced congestion in the path from source to destination. This frame is forwarded to Switch 2 and to Router B (with the FECN bit = 1). Switch 1 knows that the network is congesting so it also sends frames back to Router A with BECN bit set to 1 to inform that path through the network is congested. 

In general, BECN is used on frames traveling away from the congested area to warn source devices that congestion has occurred on that path while FECN is used to alert receiving devices if the frame experiences congestion. 

BECN also informs the transmitting devices to slow down the traffic a bit until the network returns to normal state. The question asks “which output value indicates to the local router that traffic sent to the corporate site is experiencing congestion” which means it asks about the returned parameter which indicates congestion ->BECN. 

Q7. - (Topic 3) 

Which Layer 2 protocol encapsulation type supports synchronous and asynchronous circuits and has built-in security mechanisms? 

A. HDLC 

B. PPP 

C. X.25 

D. Frame Relay 

Answer:

Explanation: 

High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) - HDLC is the default encapsulation type on point-to-point, dedicated links, and circuit-switched connections. It is used typically when communicating between two Cisco devices. It is a bit-oriented synchronous data link layer protocol. Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) - Provides router-to-router and host-to network connections over synchronous and asynchronous circuits. PPP was designed to work with several network layer protocols, such as IP, and IPX. PPP also has built in security mechanisms such as PAP and CHAP X.25/Link Access Procedure, Balanced (LAPB) - ITU-T standard that defines how connections between DTE and DCE are maintained for remote terminal access and computer communications in public data networks. X.25 specifies LAPB, a data line layer protocol. X.25 is a predecessor to Frame Relay. Frame Relay - Industry standard, switched data link layer protocol that handles multiple virtual circuits. It is a next-generation to X.25 that is streamlined to eliminate some of the time-consuming processes (such as error correction and flow control) that were employed in X.25. 

Q8. - (Topic 2) 

Refer to the exhibit. 

Given the output from the “show ip eigrp topology” command, which router is the feasible successor? 

A) 

B) 

C) 

D) 

A. Exhibit A 

B. Exhibit B 

C. Exhibit C 

D. Exhibit D 

Answer:

Explanation: 

To be the feasible successor, the Advertised Distance (AD) of that route must be less than the Feasible Distance (FD) of the successor. From the output of the “show ip eigrp topology 

10.0.0.5 255.255.255.255 we learn that the FD of the successor is 41152000. Now we will mention about the answers, in the “Composite metric is (…/…)” statement the first parameter is the FD while the second parameter is the AD of that route. So we need to find out which route has the second parameter (AD) less than 41152000 -> only answer B satisfies this requirement with an AD of 128256. 

Reference: http://networklessons.com/eigrp/eigrp-neighbor-and-topology-table-explained/ 

Q9. - (Topic 2) 

When a router undergoes the exchange protocol within OSPF, in what order does it pass through each state? 

A. exstart state > loading state > exchange state > full state 

B. exstart state > exchange state > loading state > full state 

C. exstart state > full state > loading state > exchange state 

D. loading state > exchange state > full state > exstart state 

Answer:

Explanation: 

OSPF states for adjacency formation are (in order) Down, Init, Attempt, 2-way, Exstart, 

Exchange, Loading and Full. 

Reference: 

Why Are OSPF Neighbors Stuck in Exstart/Exchange State? 

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk365/technologies_tech_note09186a0080093f0d.shtml 

Q10. - (Topic 2) 

Refer to the exhibit. 

When running EIGRP, what is required for RouterA to exchange routing updates with RouterC? 

A. AS numbers must be changed to match on all the routers 

B. Loopback interfaces must be configured so a DR is elected 

C. The no auto-summary command is needed on Router A and Router C 

D. Router B needs to have two network statements, one for each connected network 

Answer: A Explanation: 

Here we required same autonomous system between router A,B,C.Routing updated always exchange between in same EIGRP EIGRP autonomous system.you can configure more than one EIGRP autonomous system on the same router. This is typically done at a redistribution point where two EIGRP autonomous systems are interconnected. Individual router interfaces should only be included within a single EIGRP autonomous system. Cisco does not recommend running multiple EIGRP autonomous systems on the same set of interfaces on the router. If multiple EIGRP autonomous systems are used with multiple points of mutual redistribution, it can cause discrepancies in the EIGRP topology table if correct filtering is not performed at the redistribution points. If possible, Cisco recommends you configure only one EIGRP autonomous system in any single autonomous system. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk365/technologies_tech_note09186a0080093f07.shtml