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Q1. Router A and Router B are configured with IPv6 addressing and basic routing capabilities using OSPFv3. The networks that are advertised from Router A do not show up in Router B's routing table. After debugging IPv6 packets, the message "not a router" is found in the output. Why is the routing information not being learned by Router B?
A. OSPFv3 timers were adjusted for fast convergence.
B. The networks were not advertised properly under the OSPFv3 process.
C. An IPv6 traffic filter is blocking the networks from being learned via the Router B interface that is connected to Router A.
D. IPv6 unicast routing is not enabled on Router A or Router B.
Answer: D
Explanation:
show ipv6 traffic Field Descriptions
Field Description
source- Number of source-routed packets.
routed
truncated Number of truncated packets.
format Errors that can result from checks performed on header fields, errors the version number, and
packet length.
not a Message sent when IPv6 unicast routing is not enabled.
router
Reference:
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios/ipv6/command/reference/ipv6_book/ipv6_16.html
Q2. An engineer executes the ip flow ingress command in interface configuration mode. What is the result of this action?
A. It enables the collection of IP flow samples arriving to the interface.
B. It enables the collection of IP flow samples leaving the interface.
C. It enables IP flow while disabling IP CEF on the interface.
D. It enables IP flow collection on the physical interface and its subinterfaces.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Q3. Refer to the exhibit.
Which statement about the output of the show flow-sampler command is true?
A. The sampler matched 10 packets, each packet randomly chosen from every group of 100 packets.
B. The sampler matched 10 packets, one packet every 100 packets.
C. The sampler matched 10 packets, each one randomly chosen from every 100-second interval.
D. The sampler matched 10 packets, one packet every 100 seconds.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The sampling mode determines the algorithm that selects a subset of traffic for NetFlow
processing. In the random sampling mode that Random Sampled NetFlow uses, incoming packets are
randomly selected so that one out of each n sequential packets is selected on average for NetFlow
processing. For example, if you set the sampling rate to 1 out of 100 packets, then NetFlow might sample
the 5th, 120th, 199th, 302nd, and so on packets. This sample configuration provides NetFlow data on 1
percent of total traffic. The n value is a parameter from 1 to 65535 packets that you can configure. Table 2
show flow-sampler Field Descriptions Field Description Sampler Name of the flow sampler id Unique ID of
the flow sampler packets matched Number of packets matched for the flow sampler mode Flow sampling
mode sampling interval is Flow sampling interval (in packets) Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/
docs/ios/12_0s/feature/guide/nfstatsa.html#wp1084291
Q4. An organization decides to implement NetFlow on its network to monitor the fluctuation of traffic that is disrupting core services. After reviewing the output of NetFlow, the network engineer is unable to see OUT traffic on the interfaces. What can you determine based on this information?
A. Cisco Express Forwarding has not been configured globally.
B. NetFlow output has been filtered by default.
C. Flow Export version 9 is in use.
D. The command ip flow-capture fragment-offset has been enabled.
Answer: A
Explanation:
We came across a recent issue where a user setup a router for NetFlow export but was unable to see the
OUT traffic for the interfaces in NetFlow Analyzer. Every NetFlow configuration aspect was checked and
nothing incorrect was found. That is when we noticed the `no ip cef' command on the router. CEF was
enabled at the global level and within seconds, NetFlow Analyzer started showing OUT traffic for the
interfaces. This is why this topic is about Cisco Express Forwarding.
What is switching?
A Router must make decisions about where to forward the packets passing through. This decision-making
process is called "switching". Switching is what a router does when it makes the following decisions:
1.Whether to forward or not forward the packets after checking that the destination for the packet is
reachable.
2.If the destination is reachable, what is the next hop of the router and which interface will the router use to
get to that destination.
What is CEF?
CEF is one of the available switching options for Cisco routers. Based on the routing table, CEF creates its
own table, called the Forwarding Information Base (FIB). The FIB is organized differently than the routing
table and CEF uses the FIB to decide which interface to send traffic from. CEF offers the following
benefits:
1.Better performance than fast-switching (the default) and takes less CPU to perform the same task.
2.When enabled, allows for advanced features like NBAR
3.Overall, CEF can switch traffic faster than route-caching using fast-switching
How to enable CEF?
CEF is disabled by default on all routers except the 7xxx series routers. Enabling and Disabling CEF is
easy. To enable CEF, go into global configuration mode and
enter the CEF command.
Router# config t
Router(config)# ip cef
Router(config)#
To disable CEF, simply use the `no' form of the command, ie. `no ip cef`.
Why CEF Needed when enabling NetFlow ?
CEF is a prerequisite to enable NetFlow on the router interfaces. CEF decides through which interface
traffic is exiting the router. Any NetFlow analyzer product will calculate the OUT traffic for an interface
based on the Destination Interface value present in the NetFlow packets exported from the router. If the
CEF is disabled on the router, the NetFlow packets exported from the router will have "Destination
interface" as "null" and this leads NetFlow Analyzer to show no OUT traffic for the interfaces. Without
enabling the CEF on the router, the NetFlow packets did not mark the destination interfaces and so
NetFlow Analyzer was not able to show the OUT traffic for the interfaces. Reference: https://
blogs.manageengine.com/network-2/netflowanalyzer/2010/05/19/need-for-cef- in-netflow-data-export.html
Q5. A network engineer has left a NetFlow capture enabled over the weekend to gather information regarding excessive bandwidth utilization. The following command is entered:
switch#show flow exporter Flow_Exporter-1 What is the expected output?
A. configuration of the specified flow exporter
B. current status of the specified flow exporter
C. status and statistics of the specified flow monitor
D. configuration of the specified flow monitor
Answer: B
Explanation:
show flow exporter exporter-name (Optional) Displays the current status of the specified flow exporter.
Example:
Device# show flow exporter
FLOW_EXPORTER-1
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios-xml/ios/fnetflow/configuration/15-mt/cfg-de- fnflowexprts.
html
Q6. Which statement about the use of tunneling to migrate to IPv6 is true?
A. Tunneling is less secure than dual stack or translation.
B. Tunneling is more difficult to configure than dual stack or translation.
C. Tunneling does not enable users of the new protocol to communicate with users of the old protocol without dual-stack hosts.
D. Tunneling destinations are manually determined by the IPv4 address in the low-order 32 bits of IPv4-compatible IPv6 addresses.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Using the tunneling option, organizations build an overlay network that tunnels one protocol over the other
by encapsulating IPv6 packets within IPv4 packets and IPv4 packets within IPv6 packets. The advantage of this approach is that the new protocol can work without disturbing the old protocol, thus providing connectivity between users of the new protocol. Tunneling has two disadvantages, as discussed in RFC 6144: Users of the new architecture cannot use the services of the underlying infrastructure.
Tunneling does not enable users of the new protocol to communicate with users of the old protocol without
dual-stack hosts, which negates interoperability.
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/
collateral/ios-nx-os-software/enterprise-ipv6- solution/white_paper_c11-676278.html
Q7. Which technology was originally developed for routers to handle fragmentation in the path between end points?
A. PMTUD
B. MSS
C. windowing
D. TCP
E. global synchronization
Answer: A
Explanation:
Q8. Refer to the exhibit.
A network administrator checks this adjacency table on a router. What is a possible cause for the incomplete marking?
A. incomplete ARP information
B. incorrect ACL
C. dynamic routing protocol failure
D. serial link congestion
Answer: A
Explanation:
To display information about the Cisco Express Forwarding adjacency table or the hardware Layer 3-
switching adjacency table, use the show adjacency command.
Reasons for Incomplete Adjacencies
There are two known reasons for an incomplete adjacency:
The router cannot use ARP successfully for the next-hop interface.
After a clear ip arp or a clear adjacency command, the router marks the adjacency as incomplete. Then it
fails to clear the entry.
In an MPLS environment, IP CEF should be enabeled for Label Switching. Interface level command ip
route-cache cef No ARP Entry When CEF cannot locate a valid adjacency for a destination prefix, it punts
the packets to the CPU for ARP resolution and, in turn, for completion of the adjacency.
Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/express-forwarding-cef/17812-cefincomp.
html#t4
Q9. You have been asked to evaluate how EIGRP is functioning in a customer network.
What type of route filtering is occurring on R6
A. Distribute-list using an ACL
B. Distribute-list using a prefix-list
C. Distribute-list using a route-map
D. An ACL using a distance of 255
Answer: A
Explanation:
Q10. Which encapsulation supports an interface that is configured for an EVN trunk?
A. 802.1Q
B. ISL
C. PPP
D. Frame Relay
E. MPLS
F. HDLC
Answer: A
Explanation:
Restrictions for EVN
An EVN trunk is allowed on any interface that supports 802.1q encapsulation, such as Fast Ethernet,
Gigabit Ethernet, and port channels.
A single IP infrastructure can be virtualized to provide up to 32 virtual networks end-to-end.
If an EVN trunk is configured on an interface, you cannot configure VRF-Lite on the same interface.
OSPFv3 is not supported; OSPFv2 is supported.
Reference:
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/evn/configuration/xe-3s/evn-xe-3s- book/evnoverview.Pdf